The antioxidant activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale L.)

Anna Nowak, Wiktoria Duchnik, Joanna Zielonka-Brzezicka, Anna Muzykiewicz, Katarzyna Florkowska, Adam Klimowicz, Łukasz Kucharski, Daria Wysocka, Agnieszka Dziedzic

Abstract


Introduction: Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale L.) has been commonly used in traditional and contemporary medicine due to its diuretic and hepatoprotective properties. It contains polyphenols, vitamins and terpenes – i.e. compounds with antioxidant potential. Natural antioxidants protect organisms against oxidative stress, an important factor in the ageing process and in the pathogenesis of neoplastic, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and some other diseases.

Materials and methods: Raw dandelion plant material consisted of fresh and dried leaves, flowers and roots, harvested from a natural site. The extracts for analysis were prepared using an ultrasonic bath (extraction time 15, 30 and 60 min) in water, and 40% (v/v), 70% (v/v) and 96% (v/v) ethanol mixtures used as solvents. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods.

Results: The antioxidant activity of dandelion depended on the type of raw material used, as well as the type of solvent and extraction time. The highest DPPH activity was found for dried flower extracts prepared in 70% ethanol for 30 min. With FRAP method, the highest reduction capacity was observed for dried leaf extracts in 40% ethanol for 30 min.

Conclusions: The antioxidant potential of ethanolic and aqueous dandelion extracts was observed. This finding suggests the usefulness of this plant as a source of antioxidants to be used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.


Keywords


dandelion; antioxidant activity; DPPH; FRAP; ultrasound-assisted extraction; ethanolic extracts; aqueous extracts

Full Text:

PDF

References


Hu Ch. Taraxacum: Phytochemistry and health benefits. Chinese Herbal Med 2018;10:353-61.

Wirngo FE, Lambert MN, Jeppesen PB. The physiological effects of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) in type 2 diabetes. Rev Diabet Stud 2016;13(2-3):113-31.

Garcia-Carrasco B, Fernandez-Dacosta R, Dávalos A, Ordovás JM, Rodriguez-Casado A. In vitro hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of leaf and root extracts of Taraxacum officinale. Med Sci (Basel) 2015;3(2):38-54.

Lis B, Grabek-Lejko D. Mniszek lekarski (Taraxacum officinale) – potencjalne właściwości prozdrowotne. Nauka Przyr Technol 2016;10(3):1-15.

Saratale RG, Benelli G, Kumar G, Kim DS, Saratale GD. Bio-fabrication of silver nanoparticles using the leaf extract of an ancient herbal medicine, dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), evaluation of their antioxidant, anticancer potential, and antimicrobial activity against phytopathogens. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018;25(11):10392-406. doi:10.1007/s11356-017-9581-5.

Martinez M, Poirrier P, Chamy R, Prüfer D, Schulze-Gronover C, Jorquera L, et al. Taraxacum officinale and related species – An ethnopharmacological review and its potential as a commercial medicinal plant. J Ethnopharmacol 2015;169:244-62.

Cai L, Wan D, Yi F, Luan L. Purification, preliminary characterization and hepatoprotective effects of polysaccharides from dandelion root. Molecules 2017;22(9). pii: E1409. doi: 10.3390/molecules22091409.

Budny A, Kupczyński R, Sobolewska S, Korczyński M, Zawadzki W. Samolecznictwo i ziołolecznictwo w profilaktyce i leczeniu zwierząt gospodarskich. Acta Sci Pol Med Vet 2012;11(1):5-24.

Jędrejek D, Kontek B, Lis B, Stochmal A, Olas B. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of phenolic fractions from the leaves and petals of dandelion in human plasma treated with H2O2 and H2O2/Fe. Chem Biol Interact 2017;262:29-37.

Sack MN, Fyhrquist FY, Saijonmaa OJ, Fuster V, Kovacic JC. Basic biology of oxidative stress and the cardiovascular system: Part 1 of a 3-part series. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017;70(2):196-211.

Saed GM, Diamond MP, Fletcher NM. Updates of the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2017;145(3):595-602.

Faria A, Persaud SJ. Cardiac oxidative stress in diabetes: mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Pharmacol Ther 2017;172:50-62.

Salim S. Oxidative stress and psychological disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2014;12(2):140-7.

Muzykiewicz A, Zielonka-Brzezicka J, Klimowicz A, Florkowska K. Jarząb pospolity (Sorbus aucuparia L.) jako źródło składników o potencjalnym działaniu antyoksydacyjnym – porównanie właściwości przeciwutleniających ekstraktów z liści, kwiatów i owoców. Probl Hig Epidemiol 2017;98(2):125-32.

Zielonka-Brzezicka J, Nowak A, Zielińska M, Klimowicz A. Porównanie właściwości przeciwutleniających wybranych części maliny właściwej (Rubus idaeus) i jeżyny europejskiej (Rubus fruticosus). Pomeranian J Life Sci 2016;62(4):52-9. doi: 10.21164/pomjlifesci.269.

Nowak A, Zielonka-Brzezicka J, Pechaiko D, Tkacz M, Klimowicz A. Ocena właściwości antyoksydacyjnej liści Ginkgo biloba L. po zakończeniu wegetacji. Pomeranian J Life Sci 2017;63(1):24-30. doi: 10.21164/pomjlifesci.222.

Amin MM, Sawhney SS, Jassal MS. Comparative antioxidant power determination of Taraxacum officinale by FRAP and DPPH method. Pharm Anal Acta 2013;4(3):1-5.

Ghaima KK, Hashim NM, Ali SA. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of ethyl acetate extract of nettle (Urtica dioica) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale). J Appl Pharm Sci 2013;3(5):96-9.

Ivanov IG. Polyphenols content and antioxidant activities of Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg (Dandelion) leaves. Int J Pharmacogn Phytochem Res 2014-15;6(4):889-93.

Xie P, Huan L, Zhang C, Ding S, Deng Y, Wang X. Skin-care effect of dandelion leaf and stem extract: Antioxidant properties, tyrosinase inhibitory and molecular docking simulations. Industrial Crop Prod 2018;111:238-46.

Kenny O, Smyth TJ, Hewage CM, Brunton NP. Antioxidant properties and quantitative UPLC-MS/MS analysis of phenolic compounds in dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) root extracts. Free Rad Antiox 2014;4(1):55-61.

Hu C, Kitts DD. Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) flower extract suppresses both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide and prevents lipid oxidation in vitro. Phytomedicine 2005;12(8):588-97.

Sengul M, Yildiz H, Gungor N, Cetin B, Eser Z, Ercisli S. Total phenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of some medicinal plants. Pak J Pharm Sci 2009;22(1):102-6.

Colle D, Arantes LP, Rauber R, de Mattos SEC, Rocha JBTD, Nogueira CW, et al. Antioxidant properties of Taraxacum officinale fruit extract are involved in the protective effect against cellular death induced by sodium nitroprusside in brain of rats. Pharm Biol 2012;50(7):883-91.

Tsai YL, Chiou SY, Chan KC, Sung JM, Lin SD. Caffeic acid derivatives, total phenols, antioxidant and antimutagenic activities of Echinacea purpurea flower extracts. Food Sci Techno 2012;46:169-76.

Gawlik-Dziki U. Fenolokwasy jako bioaktywne składniki żywności. Żywn Nauka Technol Jakość 2004;4(41):29-40.

Choi UK, Lee OH, Yim JH, Cho CW, Rhee YK, Lim SI, et al. Hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) root and leaf on cholesterol-fed rabbits. Int J Mol Sci 2010;11(1):67-78.

You Y, Yoo S, Yoon HG, Park J, Lee YH, Kim S, et al. In vitro and in vivo hepatoprotective effects of the aqueous extract from Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) root against alcohol-induced oxidative stress. Food Chem Toxicol 2010;48(6):1632-7.

Stolze A, Wanke A, van Deenen N, Geyer R, Prüfer D, Schulze Gronover C. Development of rubber-enriched dandelion varieties by metabolic engineering of the inulin pathway. Plant Biotechnol J 2017;15(6):740-53.

Nowak A, Klimowicz A, Bielecka-Grzela S, Piechota M. Inulina – cenny składnik żywieniowy. Ann Acad Med Stetin 2012;58(1):62-5.

Florkowska K, Duchnik W, Muzykiewicz A, Zielonka-Brzezicka J, Klimowicz A. Flawonoidy w profilaktyce i leczeniu miażdżycy. Probl Hig Epidemiol 2017;98(3):217-25.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.21164/pomjlifesci.639

Copyright (c) 2019 Anna Nowak, Wiktoria Duchnik, Joanna Zielonka-Brzezicka, Anna Muzykiewicz, Katarzyna Florkowska, Adam Klimowicz, Łukasz Kucharski, Daria Wysocka, Agnieszka Dziedzic

License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/pl/